Understanding Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) in Dogs: A Guide for Pet Owners

Claire Johnston Veterinary Physiotherapist MIRVAP, AHPR, PEP, BSc Hons, SMA

July 2024

Introduction:

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a common spinal condition in dogs that can cause pain, nerve damage, and even paralysis. This blog post will help you understand IVDD, recognize the symptoms, and explore various treatment options, including the benefits of physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy), and LASER therapy.

What is IVDD?

IVDD occurs when the discs that cushion the vertebrae in your dog's spine degenerate or become herniated. These discs act as shock absorbers, and when they are damaged, they can press on the spinal cord and nerves, leading to pain and mobility issues.

· Breeds prone to IVDD

o While IVDD can affect any breed, it is most common in:

• Dachshunds

• Beagles

• Shih Tzus

• Poodles

• Cocker Spaniels

• French Bulldogs

These breeds have a genetic predisposition to disc degeneration due to their body structure (aka conformation) and the actual genetic makeup of their intervertebral discs.

· Symptoms of IVDD

o Recognizing the symptoms early can significantly improve the outcome for your dog. Look for:

• Reluctance to move or jump

• Crying out in pain when touched or picked up

• Hunched back or neck

• Weakness in the legs or difficulty walking

• Loss of bladder or bowel control

• Paralysis in severe cases

If your dog shows any of these signs, seek veterinary care immediately.

Treatment options for IVDD

· Medical Management

o Rest: Strict crate rest is crucial to allow the spine to heal.

o Medications: Pain relievers, anti-inflammatories, and muscle relaxants can help manage symptoms.

· Surgery

o In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the herniated disc material and relieve pressure on the spinal cord.

· Physiotherapy

o Pain Relief: Gentle exercises and stretches can alleviate pain and improve flexibility.

o Muscle Tone Management: Helps maintain muscle strength and prevent atrophy.

o Progress Management: Regular sessions track your dog's recovery and adjust treatments as needed.

o Gait Retraining: Exercises to help your dog regain normal walking patterns.

o Exercise Prescription: Tailored exercise plans to improve mobility and strength.

· Hydrotherapy

o Water-based exercises reduce stress on the spine while building strength and improving mobility.

· PEMf Therapy

o Uses electromagnetic fields to reduce inflammation and promote healing at a cellular level, offering pain relief and improving recovery.

· LASER Therapy

o Low-level laser therapy can reduce pain and inflammation, accelerate tissue repair, and enhance circulation.

· Acupuncture

o Involves inserting thin needles into specific points on the body to stimulate nerves, increase blood flow, and release natural pain-relieving chemicals. Providing significant pain relief and reduces muscle spasms.

o Enhances overall healing by improving circulation and reducing inflammation.

Conclusion:

IVDD is a serious condition, but with prompt treatment and ongoing management, many dogs can recover and lead happy, active lives.

If you suspect your dog may have IVDD, seek veterinary care immediately. Consider incorporating physiotherapy, hydrotherapy, PEMF, and LASER therapy into their treatment plan to optimize their recovery and enhance their quality of life.

By staying informed and proactive, you can help your furry friend navigate the challenges of IVDD and enjoy a better quality of life